Most citrus fruits, including lemon, lime, and orange, among others, are known to contain aromatic oils and compounds of Psoralen, which is toxic to dogs, cats, and other animals.
#POISONOUS WOLFSBANE SKIN#
Sulfur compounds in the young shoots are also considered at least partially responsible for mild skin reactions in some people who handle the plant. Rapid ingestion of more than five to seven ripe berries can induce abdominal pain and vomiting. Though asparagus plants cultivated for food are typically harvested before they reach reproductive maturity, the berries of the mature plant are poisonous, containing furostanol and spirostanol saponins. Several species including Asparagus officinalis and Asparagus densiflorus. Many members of the genus Allium contain thiosulphate, which in high doses is toxic to dogs, cats, and some types of livestock. Most of these food plants are safe for the average adult to eat in modest quantities. Some only pose a serious threat to certain animals (such as cats, dogs, or livestock) or certain types of people (such as infants, the elderly, or individuals with pathological vulnerabilities). Many plants commonly used as food possess toxic parts, are toxic unless processed, or are toxic at certain stages of their lives. Despite the wide variety of plants considered poisonous, human fatalities caused by poisonous plants – especially resulting from accidental ingestion – are rare in the developed world. Many plants, such as peanuts, produce compounds that are only dangerous to people who have developed an allergic reaction to them, and with a few exceptions, those plants are not included here (see list of allergens instead). There is a distinction between plants that are poisonous because they naturally produce dangerous phytochemicals, and those that may become dangerous for other reasons, including but not limited to infection by bacterial, viral, or fungal parasites the uptake of toxic compounds through contaminated soil or groundwater and/or the ordinary processes of decay after the plant has died this list deals exclusively with plants that produce phytochemicals. There is significant overlap between plants considered poisonous and those with psychotropic properties, some of which are toxic enough to present serious health risks at recreational doses. These questions and others constitute an active area of research in modern botany, with important implications for understanding plant evolution and medical science.īelow is an extensive, if incomplete, list of plants containing one or more poisonous parts that pose a serious risk of illness, injury, or death to humans or domestic animals. What are the potential medical uses of these compounds?.What chemical structures and mechanisms of toxicity are involved in the compounds that provide defense?.Which herbivores, specifically, are the plants defended against?.
Over millennia, through the process of natural selection, plants have evolved the means to produce a vast and complicated array of chemical compounds to deter herbivores. Some plants have physical defenses such as thorns, spines and prickles, but by far the most common type of protection is chemical. Plants cannot move to escape their predators, so they must have other means of protecting themselves from herbivorous animals. The toxins in poisonous plants affect herbivores, and deter them from consuming the plants. Plants that cause irritation on contact are also described as "poisonous". Plants that produce toxins are referred to as poisonous plants. Australia, 1907: Cattlemen survey 700 cattle that were killed overnight by poisonous plants.
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